Влияние возраста, пола и повышенного индекса массы тела на факторы риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний среди взрослого населения шести родовых групп Западной Бенгалии и Одиша, Индия

Аннотация

Введение. Быстрые темпы изменения образа жизни являются основными причинами повышения риска сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний (ССЗ) среди людей в современной Индии. Несмотря на высокое этническое разнообразие населения страны, исследования, связанные с физиологическими особенностями и соответствующими рисками для здоровья, особенно среди племенного населения, немногочисленны.

Материалы и методы. Настоящее поперечное исследование было проведено среди 1434 участников из шести родовых групп из штатов Западная Бенгалия и Одиша. Цель работы заключалась в оценке взаимосвязи возраста (в годах), пола и повышенного индекса массы тела (ИМТ) (кг/м²) с отдельными факторами риска ССЗ среди шести родовых групп Индии.

Результаты. Было обнаружено, что у мужчин повышенный ИМТ (кг/м²) влияет на риск ССЗ путем значительного повышения уровня глюкозы в крови в возрастной группе до 40 лет (OR=6.396, p≤0.05); систолическая гипертензия среди возрастных групп до 40 лет (OR=2.387, p≤0.01) и выше (или равно) 40 годам (OR=2.123, p≤0.05). Диастолическая гипертензия была зафиксирована среди возрастных групп до 40 лет (OR=4,74, p≤0,001) и выше 40 лет (OR=3.24, p≤0.001); гипертензивное среднее артериальное давление – среди возрастных групп до 40 лет (OR=5.769, p≤0.001); гипертоническое артериальное давление – среди возрастных групп до 40 лет (OR=5.865, p≤0.01) и выше (или равно) 40 лет (OR=3.127, p≤0.01).

Заключение. Среди женщин было обнаружено, что низкий ИМТ (кг/м²) связан с более высоким риском ССЗ, т.е. растущую угрозу здоровью среди племенного населения в Индии можно объяснить влиянием ИМТ (кг/м²), возраста (в годах) и пола. Среднее артериальное давление (MAP) можно считать отчетливым свидетельством сердечно-сосудистых рисков, особенно в случае молодого населения. В изученных популяциях очевидна растущая тенденция к двойному бремени болезней.

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