Age-related dynamics of strength indicators in modern 11–17-year-old schoolchildren of Magadan in reliance on the level of physical development

Abstract

Introduction This study was aimed to evaluate the age-and sex-associated dynamics of the strength indices in Magadan city children and adolescents with different types of physique in the age ontogeny of 11–17 years old.

Materials and Methods One thousand eight hundred and ninety-seven male and female schoolchildren of Magadan city aged 11–17 years participated in the 2019 one-step physical development study. We registered the main somatometric parameters: body mass (BM, kg), body height (BH, cm), chest circumference (CC, cm), right and left hand muscle strength indices (MS, kg). We defined somatotype affiliation according to the main somatometric parameters: microsomatotype (MiS), mesosomatotype (MeS), and macrosomatotype (MaS).

Results Of the surveyed schoolchildren 19.8% had microsomatic type, 62.1% exhibited mesosomatic type and 18.1% – macrosomatic type. Acceleration and deceleration times of the hand muscle strength growth rates were revealed within the examined age periods. The maximums of these growth rates tended to develop earlier in meso- and macrosomatic type examinees. A dramatic fall in the right and left hand muscle strength gains was observed at the age of 14–15 years in boys, and, a year earlier at the age of 13–14 years in girls of macrosomatic type. The correlation between somatometric and strength indices was found.

Conclusion Our analysis of the age-related hand dynamometry in schoolchildren with different somatotypes suggested an unbalanced increase in strength performance indices depending on the type of physique. The levels of school students’ strength indices proved to be influenced by the body mass and height, which appeared to affect the results of dynamometry. Different somatotype subjects showed maximums of their strength growth rates in different ages, which may have been associated with physiological features of their growth and development.

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